Diagnostic Procedure

This clinical trial evaluates deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation signatures in diagnosing and managing thyroid nodules. The purpose of this research is to develop a new test for thyroid cancer. This test will use needle biopsies (small collections of tissue with a needle) from the thyroid to determine whether the participant has a malignant (cancer) or benign (not showing cancer) thyroid tumor. The information learned from this trial may help develop a more accurate test so that patients do not have unnecessary surgeries for nodules that are thought to be suspicious but are actually benign.

This clinical trial tests how well a urine prostate cancer screening test, My Prostate Score 2 (MPS2), integrated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) works for early detection of prostate cancer. MPS2 is an investigational urine-based test designed to help identify the likelihood of having aggressive prostate cancer. MPS2 testing works by measuring specific early detection biomarkers that include genetic information. This next-generation test aims to address a major challenge in prostate cancer care-detecting only the cancers that truly need treatment. Results may lead to paradigm shifts in early detection algorithms and reduce reliance on MRI and biopsy.