Metformin

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder frequently associated with obesity, insulin resistance (IR), and metabolic dysfunction. Although lifestyle modification is recommended as first-line therapy, the optimal dietary approach for women with PCOS remains uncertain. This randomized, controlled, open-label, parallel-group trial aims to compare the effects of a Mediterranean diet (MD) and a low-carbohydrate diet (LCD), each combined with metformin, inositol, or folic acid (active control), in obese women with PCOS and IR. A total of 102 participants will be randomly assigned to one of six intervention groups and followed for two months. Anthropometric measurements, body composition, biochemical parameters, and hedonic hunger will be assessed at baseline and after the intervention. The primary outcome is the change in insulin resistance, assessed by the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), from baseline to 2 months. Secondary outcomes include changes in body composition, metabolic and biochemical parameters, and hedonic hunger.

The goal of this clinical trial is to assess the feasibility of adding a combination of metformin and turmeric as part of a nutritional intervention regimen to the current standard of care, namely, intermittent Androgen Deprivation Therapy (iADT), for patients with castration sensitive biochemical progressive prostate cancer. The main objectives are: * Assess the feasibility of the study population and enrollment. * Evaluate time to PSA relapse with nutritional intervention on iADT. Participants who are receiving iADT will be dispensed Metformin and turmeric and complete a pill diary. Participants will also have blood and stool samples collected and complete quality of life questionnaires. The long-term goal is to further assess the efficacy and safety of this nutritional regimen and the roles of metabolic syndrome, microenvironment/microbiome, and genomic vs epigenomic profiles in the care of these patients through a clinical trial.

This is a prospective, single-arm clinical study evaluating the efficacy and safety of metformin in inhibiting DNMT3A R882-driven clonal hematopoiesis (CH) in patients with acute leukemia (AL) who are in remission and under follow-up. Patients with DNMT3A R882 mutation (VAF ≥5%) will receive oral metformin for 6 months, with dosage gradually increased to 2000 mg/day. The primary endpoint is the proportion of patients with effective decline in DNMT3A R882 mutation VAF at 6 months. Secondary endpoints include VAF decline at 3 months, relapse-free survival (RFS) at 6 and 12 months, overall survival (OS), cumulative incidence of relapse (CIR), cumulative remission-phase mortality, and adverse event rates. Planned enrollment: 32 participants.

Study STX-478-101 (LY4064809) is a multipart, open-label, phase 1/2 study evaluating the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics (PK), and preliminary antitumor activity of STX-478 (LY4064809) in participants with advanced solid tumors with P13Ka mutations. Part 1 will evaluate STX-478 as monotherapy in participants with advanced solid tumors. Part 2 will evaluate STX-478 therapy as combination therapy with fulvestrant in participants with hormone receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer. Part 3 will evaluate STX-478 as combination therapy with endocrine therapy (aromatase inhibitors, fulvestrant, tamoxifen, or imlunestrant) and a CDK4/6 Inhibitor (either Ribociclib, Palbociclib or Abemaciclib) in participants with HR+ breast cancer. Each study part will include a 28-day screening period, followed by treatment with STX-478 monotherapy or combination therapy.

This is an umbrella study evaluating the efficacy and safety of multiple treatment combinations in participants with metastatic or inoperable locally advanced breast cancer. The study will be performed in two stages. During Stage 1, seven cohorts will be enrolled in parallel in this study: Cohort 1 will consist of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)-positive participants who have received no prior systemic therapy for metastatic or inoperable locally advanced triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) (first-line \[1L\] PD-L1+ cohort). Cohort 2 will consist of participants who had disease progression during or following 1L treatment with chemotherapy for metastatic or inoperable locally-advanced TNBC and have not received cancer immunotherapy (CIT) (second-line \[2L\] CIT-naïve cohort). Cohort 3, 5, 6 and 7 will consist of participants with locally advanced or metastatic hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative disease with one or more PIK3CA mutations. Cohort 4 will consist of participants with locally advanced or metastatic HER2+ /HER2-low disease with one or more PIK3CA mutations who had disease progression on standard-of-care therapies (HER2+ /HER2-low cohort). In each cohort, eligible participants will initially be assigned to one of several treatment arms (Stage 1). During Stage 2, participants in the 2L CIT-naïve cohort who experience disease progression, loss of clinical benefit, or unacceptable toxicity during Stage 1 may be eligible to continue treatment with a different treatment combination, provided Stage 2 is open for enrollment and all eligibility criteria are met.